HAJDUK JANKO JANKOVIĆ
The first conflicts with the Turks, along with the First Serbian Uprising in 1804, led many, who remained on their land under the terror of the Turkish occupiers, to take to the mountains as hajduks. In the folk memory, hajduks are remembered as freedom fighters. Their heroism and bravery were celebrated in songs, accompanied by the gusle, at evening gatherings, during slavas, and in other joyous moments. One of the most famous hajduks who roamed the villages of Bosnia and the surrounding areas was the renowned hajduk and harambaša (leader), Janko Janković.
Unfortunately, no written memories of hajduk Janko from the time of Turkish occupation have been preserved. The hajduks were not just rebels against tyranny, they were also avengers. In the eyes of the people, they were living proof that freedom would one day arrive. Hajduks served as protectors of the people from Turkish oppression, fighting against brutal practices like the blood tax, the right of the first night, čakara (a special tax), and countless other abuses.
Like in the old days, hajduk Janko Janković led his band as a harambaša. Hajduks always fought in groups and never alone. Interestingly, there are no surviving written texts from the time of the occupation about Janko himself. Everything we know about him comes from the oldest members of the community, who passed down stories of his strength and his signature large mustache. They say Janko personally chose the site of his burial, clearing the forest and shrubs with his bare hands.
In accordance with his wishes, Janko was buried by Bošnjaks, and today the cemetery is known as Jankovo Groblje (Janko’s Cemetery). The grateful Bošnjaks erected a cross on his grave, with an inscription that reads:
Here lies the servant of God,
hajduk Janko Janković,
Passed away year 1760,
In memory of all the Bošnjaks
Janko lived and fought during a time when Bošnjaks were under Turkish rule. He protected the village Bosnia, as well as surrounding villages, from Turkish oppressors, aghas, and beys. The hajduks brightened the dark skies over Serbian lands, preserving the legacy of the forbidden Saint Sava’s Church and the memory of their ancestors. They often defended churches and monasteries, as well as Orthodox cemeteries where placing a cross on the graves of the dead was forbidden.
We do not know who Janko’s close allies were, but it is certain that the entire village served as a hajduk refuge and sanctuary. The village of Bosnia was an ideal place for hiding, surrounded by dense forests of hundred-year-old beech trees. To this day, Janko’s monument still stands at village cemetery Jankovo Groblje. Where hajduk Janko was born remains unknown. In this part of Bosnia, there are no monuments to hajduks. And even now, when we incense the graves and light candles for the dead on memorial days, we incense Janko Janković’s grave and light a candle in his memory. His grave and monument are cared for, just like the graves of our closest loved ones.